Senate Confirms Saltzman as Next Space Force CSO

Sept. 30, 2022 | By Greg Hadley

The Senate has confirmed the Space Force’s second Chief of Space Operations.

Lt. Gen. B. Chance Saltzman will pin on a fourth star and take command of the Space Force, succeeding Gen. John W. “Jay” Raymond, after lawmakers voted to approve his nomination by voice vote Sept. 29.

“I’m humbled and honored to be confirmed as the next Chief of Space Operations,” Saltzman said in a statement. “I look forward to leading the U.S. Space Force and building on the strong foundational leadership Gen. Raymond has provided for almost three years.”

“Congratulations to Chance Saltzman on his confirmation to serve as the next Chief of Space Operations,” Raymond said in a statement. “I couldn’t be more excited for the Saltzmans and for our Space Force. The team is in great hands.”

Saltzman will ascend to the role after previously serving as the deputy chief of space operations for operations, cyber, and nuclear, a job he first took on in August 2020.

Over the course of more than 30 years in uniform, Saltzman has also commanded at the squadron, group, and wing levels in the Air Force. He has served as a satellite operator for the National Reconnaissance Office, commanded two space squadrons within Air Force Space Command, and worked at headquarters of AFSC.

Saltzman will take over a Space Force still developing and maturing its infrastructure, organization, plans, and traditions. In the coming months and years, the young service plans to fold in the Space Development Agency, launch a new resilient constellation of satellites in low Earth orbit, and build up its “lethality” and capability to respond to aggressive actions by competitors such as Russia and China.

At the same time, USSF must also continue to build a culture that incorporates transfers from other military branches, recruits, and civilians, refine its plans for a modern “holistic health” program to replace traditional PT tests, and finalize how it will organize its Reserve and part-time elements.

“We honor Gen. Raymond’s contributions to establish the Space Force and we welcome Gen. Saltzman as he takes the lead,” Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall said in a statement. “I’m confident in Chance’s ability and judgement and know our Space Force will continue to provide key capabilities to the joint force and our nation’s defense.”

Saltzman was asked to address some of the challenges and opportunities facing the service in his confirmation hearing before the Senate Armed Services Committee on Sept. 13. He emphasized the need for better test and training infrastructure for Guardians and continued investments in resiliency for satellites and ground stations.

Saltzman sailed through that hearing with little controversy and bipartisan support, and his nomination was approved two weeks later with no opposition.

The Space Force was targeting “early November” for Saltzman’s promotion and change of command ceremony, but the timeline was still being finalized, a Space Force spokesperson told Air & Space Forces Magazine.

STRATCOM

In addition to Saltzman, the Senate also voted to approve the nomination of USAF Gen. Anthony J. Cotton to take command of U.S. Strategic Command.

Cotton, who currently serves as head of Air Force Global Strike Command, will now oversee the Joint force’s strategic deterrence, nuclear operations, joint electromagnetic spectrum operations, and missile defense, among other mission areas.

Also confirmed by voice vote, Cotton will take over the lead of STRATCOM a little over a year after he was tapped to lead AFGSC in June 2021.

A trained missileer, Cotton will oversee STRATCOM at a critical moment, with all three legs of the U.S. nuclear triad undergoing modernization. At the same time, China has aggressively developed its nuclear arsenal, leading Cotton to refer to its “bona fide” nuclear triad during his confirmation hearing.

Most immediately, though, Russia has engaged in nuclear saber-rattling over its invasion of Ukraine, raising fears that it could be setting the stage for actually using a nuclear weapon.

Cotton comes to the head of STRATCOM after time spent as deputy commander and commander of AFGSC, as well as commander of the 20th Air Force, which oversees the Air Force’s intercontinental ballistic missile operations; and the 341st Missile Wing, responsible for the Minuteman III ICBMs at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Mont.

Once he takes command of STRATCOM from Navy Adm. Charles A. Richard, Cotton will become the third Air Force general actively leading a combatant command, joining Gen. Glen D. VanHerck, head of U.S. Northern Command, and Gen. Jacqueline D. Van Ovost, head of U.S. Transportation Command.

Marooned Air Force CV-22 Osprey Finally Removed From Norwegian Island

Sept. 29, 2022 | By Chris Gordon

An aircraft built to quickly infiltrate and exfiltrate troops from far-flung locations left a Norwegian nature preserve Sept. 27, more than a month after it emergency-landed. The CV-22 Osprey belonging to Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) had been stranded on the island of Senja since making a controlled emergency landing Aug. 12.

The issue was a hard clutch engagement, which causes the tiltrotor aircraft to lurch suddenly and can damage the gearbox and engines. The problem led AFSOC to stand down its fleet of around 50 CV-22s. While the issue remains unsolved, the aircraft was cleared to fly again in early September. Except for the one in Norway.

A CV-22 Osprey performed an emergency landing at Stongodden nature preserve. Norwegian Armed Forces photos by Tiril Haslestad.

“These things never seem to happen at airfields,” Lt. Gen James C. “Jim” Slife remarked at an AFA Warfighters in Action event Sept. 7. “They always seem to happen in Norwegian nature preserves above the Arctic Circle at the onset of winter.”

Procedures dictate that pilots must land the plane swiftly in the event of a hard clutch engagement. That forced them to put wheels down at Stongodden nature preserve. The crew was safe, and Norwegian officials wanted to ensure the local wildlife would be, too.

While the aircraft was near the water, it was not close enough to be lifted onto a barge by a crane.

The Norwegian Armed Forces, in consultation with the local Environmental Protection Office, the U.S. Air Force, and civilian contractors, developed a plan for some outside-the-box special operations work of their own.

In the Norwegian Armed Forces’ account of the events, engineers carefully built an improvised wooden road to move the Osprey closer to the island’s shore while limiting damage to surrounding nature and wildlife. The Osprey had to be emptied of fuel and raised up off the ground with a jack, as its landing gear was firmly stuck in the mud. The wooden mats had to extend to the shoreline so the aircraft could be lifted by crane onto a barge. Gravel had to be brought in the firm up the path and to create a jetty as the terrain turned into an uneven shoreline.

The makeshift path nearing completion. Norwegian Armed Forces photo by Tiril Haslestad.

The effort faced numerous delays due to Norway’s unpredictable and often poor weather.

When the aircraft finally got to the shore, the crane barge that was supposed to lift it off of the shore was not there, according to Norwegian officials. It was delayed due to bad weather in another part of Norway. On Sept. 27, the Osprey was finally lifted off the shore by crane. According to the U.S. Air Force and the Norwegian Armed Forces, it is safely underway to the closest NATO port.

There, the aircraft must be offloaded to undergo maintenance to replace at least one of its engines and gearbox before, hopefully, finally lifting off under its own power again and landing at its home base of RAF Mildenhall, U.K., Lt. Col. Rebecca L. Heyse, director of public affairs for Air Force Special Operations Command, told Air & Space Forces Magazine.

A CV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft being rescued at the Senja island in northern Norway. Photo courtesy of the Norwegian Armed Forces.

The Story Behind the Space Force’s New Song

Sept. 29, 2022 | By Amanda Miller

Jamie Teachenor was living in Nashville in 2015 and browsing Craigslist for vintage guitars when he spotted the unlikely ad that ultimately led to his occupying a unique place in military history.

The Air Force Academy’s country band Wild Blue Country needed a lead vocalist. Teachenor later found out the ad was up for only a matter of hours.

“It wasn’t supposed to be advertised that way,” he recalled while headed back home to Nashville from AFA’s Air, Space & Cyber Conference with his wife and two kids. “For whatever reason, I saw it in that small amount of time, and I called Colorado Springs and asked if it was legitimate.”

After a few more questions, “I put Colorado Springs’ weather on my phone, because I knew we were going to Colorado Springs,” he recalled. Without having yet auditioned, “I knew that was part of my path.”

He became a senior airman with the band, which performed at events for both the Air Force Academy and what was then Peterson Air Force Base, home to the Space Force’s predecessor, Air Force Space Command.

Given that this frequently put him in contact with military space personnel, it’s hard to imagine anyone better positioned to supply the words and melody to the Space Force’s new official song, “Semper Supra,” which debuted at the conference.

Together with a Coast Guard trombonist who doubles as musical arranger, Teachenor composed “Semper Supra”—named for the service’s popular motto—to join the likes of the Air Force’s official song “The U.S. Air Force,” a.k.a. “Wild Blue Yonder.”

“What was very interesting about my time of service was I knew what the space capabilities were for space operators before they were Guardians,” Teachenor said. He also met today’s Chief of Space Operations Gen. John W. “Jay” Raymond and Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force Roger A. Towberman at that time. As Teachenor’s enlistment wound down in 2019, he even went along on a trip with the two leaders to Thule Air Base in Greenland, which performs missions in space surveillance and missile defense.

“I got to see so much of what our now-Guardians—but at the time they were Airmen—do and just was blown away by their mission,” Teachenor said. He felt like the trip “had a lot to do with how the song was written because I saw firsthand just the precision and the … amazing assets that we have in our folks who wear the uniform. And our civilians, too.”

Teachenor and his family went back to Nashville following the conclusion of his enlistment, and in December 2019, the Space Force came to be.

“Several folks reached out and said, ‘Hey, you know, the Space Force is actually going to be a branch—are you thinking about writing a song?’”

He didn’t quite laugh off the idea, and “eventually Gen. Raymond and Chief Towberman reached out to me and said, ‘Hey, would you consider writing something and just, you know, give us an option?’”

Space Force song — Air Force Band members and guests sing the new U.S. Space Force service song during the 2022 Air, Space & Cyber Conference, Sept. 20, 2022. Air Force photo by Eric Dietrich.

Feeling simply “honored and thankful just to even throw something in there,” Teachenor estimated that by February 2020, the song was largely complete:

“Semper Supra”
We’re the mighty watchful eye
Guardians beyond the blue
The invisible front line
Warfighters brave and true
Boldly reaching into space
There’s no limit to our sky
Standing guard both night day
We’re the Space Force from on high
Beyond the blue
The U.S. Space Force

“I knew they wanted something that was singable and that fit with the other anthems—the other service songs—and that would be something that could last. … They made it very clear they wanted it to be timeless.”

Months passed as the service narrowed down the submissions until choosing Teachenor’s.

Throughout the process, Space Force leaders made only one request, he said—to include the words “Standing guard both night and day” in order to emphasize the service’s continuous mission of “making sure that we’re safe and protected all the time.”

“And so I looked at that line and changed it. I believe it’s a better line for that,” said the recently elected county commissioner for Sumner County, Tenn.

The Score

Trombonist and arranger Coast Guard Chief Musician Sean Nelson responded to a callout to military band arrangers early in the Space Force’s search for a song. Now an 11-year member of the U.S. Coast Guard Band based at the Coast Guard Academy in New London, Conn., he’d been “a little green,” he said, when he originally auditioned for the Air Force Band in the competitive national auditions that draw high-caliber musicians who ultimately “come in fully trained for the job.”

He’d composed the score to an organization’s military-style service song once before, updating the march of the Commissioned Officer Corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

By 2020, he’d made a submission to the Space Force based on a preliminary set of lyrics, and “the group listening really liked my version.” In the spring of 2022, “they contacted me again and said, ‘We’ve come up with this melody and lyrics’—and it was Jamie’s lyrics and Jamie’s melody—‘and we’re looking for somebody to complete the song, to harmonize it, to orchestrate it.’”

Nelson liked the lack of any other musical contribution such as a chord structure “because it allowed me to be creative with it.”

“What I would do is I would play the melody on the piano, and I would sing it, and I would keep trying different harmonies underneath it. And sometimes there’s harmony that is obvious, and sometimes there’s harmony that makes sense but is unexpected.”

He would ultimately compose 30 parts for a full military band, including the four-part vocal harmony performed at the Sept. 20 premiere by the Air Force’s Singing Sergeants as well as counter-melodies—“there’s the main melody that you sing, and there are multiple melodies going on at the same time above and below that melody that makes it sound full and thick and [gives it] a traditional march sound.”

Having performed the “Armed Forces Medley” of service songs at many military events, he well knew the need for the Space Force’s to fit in with the other traditional military marches. At the same time, he wanted to write something “that was maybe a little unexpected and maybe not as obvious and that had its own sounds as opposed to copying other military songs.”

To strike the balance, “you have to know the tradition”—specifically that of American march composer, the Marine Corps’ John Philip Sousa—“while knowing where you can break from it.”

Without such a well trained ear, “not everyone might notice it,” Nelson said, “but I think if you listen to it a few times, you start to notice, ‘Hey, that sounds a little fresh.’”

He sang the first two lines to demonstrate:

“We’re the mighty watchful eye; Guardians beyond the blue. …

“When you get to the word ‘blue,’ that chord is outside of the key—so it’s just a little bit surprising, I think. … Maybe you get a little extra sparkle out of it.”

Nelson suspects—based on his experience performing in the Coast Guard Band, usually without singers—that “the form that you’re going to hear the song in the most is actually going to be without singing.”

Next he expects bands and choruses across the U.S. to start adding “Semper Supra” to their medleys.

Pentagon Accounts for Aircraft Moved Out of the Way of Hurricane Ian

Sept. 29, 2022 | By Chris Gordon

The Department of Defense released an accounting of where it moved its aircraft in response to Hurricane Ian, which made landfall as a Category 4 hurricane on the west coast of Florida on Sept. 28.

MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, Fla., was evacuated, and other bases were placed on a heightened state of alert and instructed their personnel to shelter ahead of the storm. The Air Force and other services moved aircraft from several military installations to keep them out of harm’s way. Many commercial airports in the storm’s path also closed and moved airliners.

Individual Air Force bases have detailed some aircraft movements, but the Pentagon provided a list to the press Sept. 29 to more fully account for aircraft movements across the joint force, though the information may be incomplete. The Defense Department had yet to fully assess the damage, which was likely to continue to mount due to flooding. According to the Pentagon, information about Air Force activities was current as of the evening of Sept. 27.

Eglin Air Force Base, Fla.: F-22s and T-38s moved to Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala.; F-35s to Barksdale Air Force Base, La.

Hurlburt Field, Fla.: AC-130Js, MC-130Js, MC-130Hs to Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio; U-28s to Cannon Air Force Base, N.M.; A-29s to Kansas City, Mo.

Jacksonville International Airport (Florida Air National Guard): F-15s to New Orleans, La.

MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.: KC-135s to Bangor Air National Guard Base, Maine, and Pease Air National Guard Base, N.H.; UH-60s to Miami, Fla.

Moody Air Force Base, Ga.: A-10s to Barksdale Air Force Base, La.

Patrick Space Force Base: C-130s & HH-60s to Little Rock Air Force Base, Ark.; HH-60s to Orlando Convention Center, Fla.; UH-1s to Cape Canaveral, Fla.

The DOD also detailed non-Department of the Air Force moves, including 71 aircraft from Naval Air Station Jacksonville and 11 aircraft from Naval Air Station Key West that were evacuated to undisclosed locations. The Navy also moved four littoral combat ships and two cruiser-destroyers based at Naval Station Mayport in Jacksonville to undisclosed locations. The remaining Navy ships are in “heavy weather moor,” according to the Pentagon, which said the Army and the Marines did not relocate any major assets.

The figures, however, are movements that were done ahead of the storm or just as it was making landfall. Damage from the storm has been severe, and flood damage will be a major concern in the days and weeks ahead.

“This storm is having broad impacts across the state and some of the flooding you’re going to see in areas hundreds of miles from where this made landfall are going to set records,” Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R) said on Sept. 29.

President Joe Biden decla red a major disaster Sept. 29. Some fatalities due to the storm had already been confirmed.

“This is going to require years of effort to be able to rebuild and to come back,” DeSantis said.

As of the morning of Sept. 29, Florida had 4,818 Guard members on State Active Duty (SAD); Louisiana had 83; Tennessee had 15; and New York had 11, the National Guard Bureau told Air & Space Forces Magazine.

Air Force Recruits Who Test Positive for Marijuana May Now Get a Second Chance

Sept. 29, 2022 | By Greg Hadley

Potential Airmen and Guardians who test positive for the high-producing compound in marijuana during their entrance physical may still be able to serve, thanks to a new test program announced by the Department of the Air Force on Sept. 28.

Under the two-year program, recruits who test positive for tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, during their physical exam at the Military Entrance Processing Station will be allowed to re-test in 90 days if they get a waiver from their recruiter.

In order to be considered for a waiver, the recruit must have a high school diploma, a score of 50 or higher on the Armed Forces Qualification Test, no Category 1 or 2 moral violations, and otherwise be medically qualified for service, according to an Air Force release.

Once the recruit enlists, he or she must still follow the Uniform Code of Military Justice and DAF policies, which prohibit drug use.

Prior to this new program, any recruit who tested positive for THC was automatically barred from ever serving in the Air Force or Space Force. But in recent years, public attitudes—and laws—regarding cannabis have changed dramatically.

According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, 37 states, three territories, and the District of Columbia have laws allowing the use of medical marijuana, while 19 states, two territories and D.C. allow for recreational use as well.

With those changing laws, the Air Force’s policies also needed to adapt, Air Force Recruiting Service commander Maj. Gen. Edward W. Thomas Jr. told Air & Space Forces Magazine at AFA’s Air, Space & Cyber conference.

“This is … about being able to make smart determinations based on societal norms, laws today, and how to be able to have a process that better matches the laws in the country,” Thomas said.

However, Thomas emphasized that “drug use in the United States Air Force has no place” and warned that the new policy is not intended to be a free pass for recruits.

“What this is not about is those folks who were not honest with their recruiter, and they smoked marijuana, and then they went in the next day or the next week, they went to MEPS and they tested positive. That’s not who this is for,” Thomas said.

Instead, Thomas suggested the policy is intended to benefit potential Airmen and Guardians when recruiting commanders believe the positive test was “due to unintended exposure or the residual effects of THC in their system.”

Those who test positive won’t automatically be allowed to re-test. The waiver program simply “gives us more latitude,” Thomas said.

In that regard, the program is not unlike other recent policy changes the Air Force has made, like one giving Thomas and other recruiting leaders the authority to approve waivers for smaller hand tattoos.

The need for more flexibility in the recruiting process is due in part to a historically difficult environment that has seen all the military departments struggle to reach their recruiting goals. The Air Force, in particular, just barely reached its Active Duty goal for fiscal 2022 and fell short for the Guard and Reserve.

“A year or two ago, frankly, we could afford to lose people around the margins because of finger tattoos, because of certain medical conditions that we weren’t willing to take risk on,” Thomas acknowledged. “We are in an environment today that we have to be exceptionally smart in how we assess the risk and how we set our accession criteria.”

And when it comes to marijuana, the service is dealing with a recruiting population that is more likely than ever to have tried or regularly use cannabis, according to polls.

After the initial pilot program runs for two years, the department will analyze the data and determine whether to make the policy permanent.

Watch, Read: Gen. Mike Minihan on ‘The Mobility Manifesto’

Sept. 29, 2022

Commander of Air Mobility Command Gen. Mike Minihan delivered a keynote address on “The Mobility Manifesto” at AFA’s Air, Space & Cyber Conference, Sept. 21, 2022. Watch the video or read the transcript below. This transcript is made possible through the sponsorship of JobsOhio.

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Voiceover:

General Wright, over to you sir.

Retired Lt. Gen. Bruce Wright:

Well, thank you and good afternoon. Beware, we’re going to blow the roof off of this place tonight during the 75th anniversary of our United States Air Force and celebrate every Airman and Guardian who does such an incredible job of defending this nation, current and past. Well, our next speaker, General Mike Minihan took command of Air Mobility Command in October of ’21. Picking up General Brown’s direction to accelerate change or go faster, General Minihan and his team have developed a strategy that drives a warrior culture biased towards action, unencumbered by bureaucracy, and intentionally disruptive to the status quo. Our mobility forces are critical to projecting, connecting, maneuvering, and sustaining our joint force. And General Minihan’s command is charging forward with clear intentions, a bold opinion, and a singular objective. Please welcome the commander of Air Mobility Command, General Mike Minihan.

Gen. Mike Minihan:

It’s my new fight song. Get over here. If you participated in OAR, stand up please. So I realized that not everybody’s standing is Mobility, and I realize that not everybody’s standing may be an Airman. So I get often, when people run out of questions for me, they say, “What keeps you up at night?” What keeps me up at night is that my actions aren’t worthy of theirs. What keeps me up at night is that I’m not meeting their passion and professionalism and getting after the mission as awesome as they are, that their mothers and their fathers and their sons and their daughters and their brothers and their sisters don’t know how much I appreciate the courage they display in getting after missions that are incredibly challenging. So when I’m asked what keeps you up tonight, it’s a mirror check for me. And I vow to do everything in my power, not just my command, my headquarters, but me personally to be as awesome as this crowd right here. So give them a round of applause please.

Speaker 4:

I appreciate it yet again.

Gen. Mike Minihan:

All right, So I’m going to make everybody nervous here. I’m not bound to the stage, I’m not bound to a script. I’m untethered as of now. My rehearsal consisted of me walking around this room at 7:15 this morning going check one, two, check, check, check. And so I certainly have something in mind that I want to say. I hope I get about 80, maybe eight would be my standard. About 80% across here. I do have something to say. I can’t see the clock. I’m going to go till I go, all right? I’m finally that rank. It’s important that I say thank you right now to AFA and General Wright.

It’s important that I say thank you right now to those that are in the room that are loyal to me throughout my career. Ash and I are incredibly grateful. It’s also important that I say thank you to those are just merely intrigued either by whether I’ll have a job tomorrow morning or perhaps the mobility manifesto caught your attention. I’m grateful for your presence. I know you have a lot of choices on where to be right now. I’m also incredibly grateful for my headquarters team, my total force team, my spouse and family team, my wing woman, my wing man, Chief BK and his bride. I’m incredibly grateful and thankful for everybody that wears an Air Mobility patch.

And so, just an abundance of thank yous and appreciation walking into this. Slide. ROE, I’m going to speak not speech, means it’s going to come out a little wobbly at times, maybe stutter, I might get some spittle going. It means that you’ll see the DNA of my adjectives ties back to my Auburn education. I really only have about three. Anybody in SEC want to make a comment right now? Go ahead. Roll tide. The sound of a young mind shutting down. By the way, that works every time, just so you know. Means that I’m Irish. And you certainly already heard, when I talk about things that I love, I get emotional, and you’ll hear the passion in my voice.

I don’t very rarely get to the anger part, but there’s certainly not a big screen between my words and the emotions that lie between them. That’s the ROE. Why am I here? I wish I could say it’s because I’m a hurt driver, but that’s not true. I’m here because I spent 10 years in the Pacific. I was fortunate enough to have three jobs and two tours at USFK in Korea. I was fortunate enough to serve in headquarters Pack AF and then have three jobs and two tours up at Paycom. All that combined is about 10 years of experience in the Pacific worrying about the pacing challenge and nefarious actors like North Korea. That’s why I have this job. And five minutes before he promoted me, General Brown said two words in the back room. Go faster. Go faster. And he didn’t say it as a comment of my predecessors. He said it as a comment of my experience and the current environment, the retrograde from Afghanistan, COVID, the evac, and certainly we were watching the initial posturing of what is happening now in Europe and Ukraine. Go faster.

And in the nervousness before my change of command speech, I got a text from a brother, a weapons officer named Hefe Brown. And I had all these notes and all these cards that I was trying to formulate in my head what I was going to say. And he said, “Brother, fly it like you stole it.” Fly it like you stole it. Like that formation of B-17s up there, surrounded by flak, driving to the objective. We’re going to fly it like we stole it. So there’s some initial admin with some more admin to follow. Go ahead. From my change of command speech forward, I realized that those things underneath that strategy aren’t the strategy, but you need to know it’s based on winning. This matters. We’ll talk about it later. Nobody’s going to care what our plans are for five or 10 years if we lose tomorrow. They won’t care. There is an urgency here that the chief is very clear on, that the secretary is very clear on, that we need to get after.

And in getting after, I’ve got four gaps that I’m concerned about. Command and control, navigation, maneuvering under fire, and tempo. And I wish I was as smart as my classmate Jim’s life. So I completely give you credit for this next column, sir. Three approaches to get after those gaps. Make the best with what we have. If the A2 were going to walk into my office tomorrow and say they’re getting ready to go, what am I going to do now? We’re going to take roll with who we got and we’re going to take roll with the toys we have and we’re going. So with that in mind, have I done everything possible in my organization to unleash the talent and unleash the quality of what we have to get after it? Tactics, techniques, procedures, risk, training.

Start from the objective area back and tie everything to what we’re trying to achieve. And when that runs out, we look for value that already exists that may not be tapped into. Is there something that exists that I just need to buy that makes my life better? And then when I’ll run out of those with my maleadmadgecom hat on, I have an obligation to drive what the future force looks like. Can I put a demand signal on industry to create a technology that makes my life better? Admin. Slide. Admin. Lethality matters most. When you can kill your enemy, every part of your life is better.

Your food tastes better, your marriage is stronger. Why is the mobility guy talking about lethality? I’m not coming at you as a C-130 driver, I’m not coming at you as a mobility officer. I’m coming at you like an Airman, like Rickenbacker, like Mitchell, like LeMay, Olds, Levitow, Sijan. This is who we are. We are lethal. Do not apologize for it. The pile of our nation’s enemy dead, the pile that is the biggest is in front of the United States Air Force. This is why we mutinied in 1947.

Slide. That’s just admin. Our toys are meaningless unless we put them in a place to be lethal. Our toys, our training, our desires are meaningless unless we maneuver them to advantage. Unfair advantage, unfair lethality, unrepentant lethality, lopsided lethality. If we can’t get them to where they need to be to do that, then we are wasting our time. Slide. It’s important that we surround ourselves with a winning lexicon. It’s important that we surround ourselves with a winning lexicon. Destroy, dominate, kill, defend, secure, win, unfair win, lopsided win. Those terms matter. Slide. The context to why is incredibly important here. Incredibly important here. That’s my grandfather’s 344th bombardment group patch, which is now the patch of the 126 air refueling wing. Coincidentally, it’s Scott Air Force Base. The bottom says we win or die.

And when you understand what’s at stake, this victory language comes into a sharper contrast. Okay, your kids grow up subservient to a rules based order that benefits only one country if we lose this. There is no access to the global commons. There is no free and open. There is no rules based order. So the stakes are incredibly high. And I think the message coming out of this conference is incredibly consistent as we get after this. Slide. Problem statement, we are not ready to fight and win inside the first island chain. Who’s we? Joint force.

What are the components of ready? Readiness, integration, agility. Forgive me, I’ve been moving everybody for 32 years, and I realize the C-130 is the Cadillac of the sky and there’s a long list of people that want to go slow and only move six pallets. I get that. Nobody is as ready, integrated or agile as they think they are. And if we’re going to carry that into the current fight, it ain’t going to be pretty. Slide. What’s the reason? Is it the overmatched west of the international dateline? Is it the quality and quantity of our pacing challenge? Is it that they, as Grace just said, are tailor making an air force to kill you?

Not you hypothetically. You. Look in the mirror. You. That they can project power to the first island chain, the second island chain, Hawaii and Konas? Pretty good reason not to be ready, integrated, agile. Slide. What it look like to do little. Two carriers, one squadron, B-25. Quality, quantity, tailor made force to kill him. Slide. What it looked like to Spruance. Sail in the Midway, quality, quantity, tailor made force to kill him. Slide. What it looked like to Ira Eaker. In 1942, more killed in action in the eighth Air Force than the Marine Corps.

Quantity, quality, tailor made force to kill him. Slide. So this ain’t about the red. This is about us. Our decision to be ready, to be integrated, to be agile. Go back. I love the way the chief said it. It’s unrehearsed. We’ve done this before. It’s our turn. Generate your courage. Aim the pointy into the scary place and execute. Slide. We’ve done this before. Generate your courage. Aim the pointy into the scary place and execute. Slide. Generate your courage. Aim the pointy into the scary place and execute. Slide. Has nothing to do with them. I would argue there’s more permissive than non-permissive on the slide.

When you base your argument on threat rings, you’re making some flawed assumptions, the first being that it’s a worst case scenario. It extends a persistence that’s not real, it extends a custody that’s not real, and it extends a magazine depth that’s not real. Invest in our tenacity and go. We don’t have a choice. We don’t have a choice. The takeaway from this slide is there’s more persistence, there’s more permissive than non permissive. Invest in American tenacity. Invest in Airman tenacity. We’ve done this before. Slide. Problem statement. We’re not ready to fight and win inside the first island chain. But we will be in a year. Well sir, that’s a lot to do in a short time. Yeah, no shit. So we can decide to accelerate, we can decide to change, we can decide to be lethal, we can decide to maneuver and we can decide to win. Step up. Slide. Manifesto. Here’s for the people that were intrigued. A public declaration of policy and aims, a written statement declaring publicly the intentions, opinions and objectives issued by a government organization build it. I’m not trying to be like Ted or Karl.

And I’m certainly not to equate myself to more amazing Airmen and Americans than me. I’m not at all the level of a Martin Luther King or a John F. Kennedy or certainly the founding fathers. And I’m not equating the mobility manifesto to things like I Have a Dream or the Declaration of Independence. But I do have intentions and I do have an opinion and I do have an objective. Slide. We can do big things quick. We just have to decide to do it. Not quite a year. On the mobility team fight club, the motto is bring the evil. He’s the evil and I’m happy to bring him. And I want him to be successful. Make the main thing the main thing. Rehearsals. Put a map on the ground, commander. Tell me where you’re going to go, what you’re going to do. Tell me what your authorities are, tell me what your priorities are, tell me what your objectives are. Not hypothetical, not exercise. Rehearse it like it’s going to happen tomorrow and get after it. Slide. I’m sorry, no, don’t do that. Thank you.

Staff to staff down to AFSOC, over to Pack AF, Global Strike AFMC, ACC. We’re getting after that. We could not possibly know the things we need to work unless we do it face to face. WEPTAC series. I’m tired of being the side show and I want to be on show center, not by myself but line of breath with every weapons officer in this air force. And I’m speaking now to the weapons officers, both my tribe and anyone that’s out there, and anybody that’s considering being one. Things I’ve never said. Get me somebody with exec experience. Things I’ve never said. Golf tournament projo, find him asap, get them over here.

Things I’ve never said. I’d rather have the ACSC and residence graduate then the correspondence graduate. Things I have said, get me the weapons officers, I need them now. And this crowd is pulling, pulling hard and every bit of momentum I got has been the shoulders on this weapons officer crowd. Thank you. Now you would think that a command that’s entrusted to do amazing things in combat, command and control it, plan it, execute it, would have the authority to award my own combat awards. And it’s true, I got it but only a week ago. And it’s only because the most senior leadership over rode some opinions. I’m leave it at that. So I’m happy to have. It’s meaningful to me and it’s a statement on this manifesto. Phoenix rally. I will take our investment in the WEPTAC series and I will brief the chief personally on a scheme of maneuver that we’re going to get inside the first island chain and win.

Mobility OI. I see myself in every single one of them. What I want most out of them is access and analysis, and we’re well on our way. And Mobility Guardian, the crown jewel of the mobility exercises I’ll do over the Pacific. With the schema maneuver, I brief the chief so I can demonstrate a win. I’ll put the 46 on the foundational work that Jackie and the team did to get it up, put it into EUCOM, put it into PACOM, put it into Sycom, get her on step. And you can see underneath that I’ve combat certified it. It’s ready to go. Certified that on Friday. 24 hour sortie, 30 hour sortie, 36 hour sortie, we’re getting it. Pilot plus one. Nothing provocative here. You’ll have to forgive me. I don’t think fighter pilots are the only ones that have a birthright to fly an airplane solo.

And as much as I admire and trust that crowd, I admire and trust mine exactly the same way. There’s a real operational need for it. In order to generate the tempo required to win, it’s not hard to imagine a piloted boom on the bunk sleeping with a pilot and a boom in seats getting the mission done. And I’d rather test that out now than try to figure it out when the shooting’s going on. External fuel tanks on a HERC, there’s a boneyard full of them. There’s hard points on a J. 8,000 pounds of gas each, 16,000 pounds total, three hours extra flying, offloaded into a bladder and it’s a bag of gas for a fighter to at least get up on the tanker.

That’s value that exists that we’re simply not tapped into. Limited air crew ops for the exact same reasons for other AWS is relevant. Missing essential lists that account for the severity of the need for victory and what happens if we lose. Slide. A public declaration of policy and aim, a written statement declaring publicly the intentions, opinions and objective issued by our government or an organization. Slide. I’m not interested in being the best air force on the planet.

I’m interested in being the most lethal force the planet has ever known. I get it. You can’t have one without the other. But the aspiration is important here. Only this air force can do it. AMC is the joint force maneuver. AMC is the meaningful maneuver. There is too much water and too much distance for anyone else to do it relevantly. At pace, at speed, at scale. Everybody’s role is critical, but Air Mobility Command is the maneuver for the joint force. If we don’t have our act together, nobody wins. Nobody’s lethal. Nobody’s in position. Slide.

I hope you’re not offended by trolls. And I’m not desperate for talent. I’m desperate for collaboration. I’m desperate to accelerate. I’m desperate to change. I’m desperate to achieve what the chief and the secretary want. Because I believe in it. Bothered. It keeps you up at night. You understand what’s at stake. Warrior, that we understand lethality and our role in it. Troll, the most affectionate term possible. The grinders, the get in a vault and figure it out team. The don’t go to bed till it’s done team. The take it personal team. The won’t let it go team. I am agnostic when it comes to who’s on the team. I value and demand the diversity. Diversity of background, diversity of rank, diversity of fly fix support, diversity of service.

If you want to help, I got a place for you. If I can’t, PCS you, I’ll TTY you. If I can’t TTY you, I’ll remote you. And if I can’t remote you, you have access to my email. I’m not a good pen pal. But I’ll have the professional courtesy to give you an act and I’ll have the professional courtesy to get it into the team and I’ll have the professional courtesy to truly take your input and put it into the scheme. Because I need it. I demand it. This is the investment of tenacity. Slide. Okay? That’s my change of command speech. The very end of it. I’m not expecting you to read it.

I’ll queue in on the bottom here in a second. But it’s important before we leave here that you understand my appreciation for each and every one of you. I started worrying in the late innings before this speech that I wasn’t emphasizing Airmen enough. But in bundling up the messaging of all the senior leaders that have come up on this stage, while the slides had maps and toys and projects and OPTs, this is really about us and our culture. So it is all about Airmen. It’s nothing but Airmen here. This is about us. This is our time. We’ve been here before. We’re simply following in the footsteps of giants and it’s up to us to decide to accelerate, to change, to be lethal, to maneuver, to win. And you will get zero sympathy from me, zero, about having to do big things quickly.

You’ll get zero sympathy from me when it comes to the legitimate, horrific challenges that exist. I owe each of you an enormous debt of gratitude for that. For those that came here because you’re loyal to me, thank you. For those that were just simply intrigued by the title, I hope I at least scratched the curiosity itch here. Hopefully. For anybody that wears or has worn an Air Mobility patch, it is an honor and an inspiration each and every day to serve alongside you and to try to keep up, because you can kind of tell I don’t need much coffee in life, right?

But my feet hit the floor in the morning running. Okay? I want to focus on the bottom line there and tie it back to my granddad’s patch. When he says accelerate, change or lose, we say we win or die. And if that’s framing the decisions that we need to make, we’re going to be just fine. Last thing I’m going to sign off with, and I’m going to ask for a little audience participation here. And this is a mobility thing, so I realize the mobility team will do it and you guys can, maybe it is a loyalty test here. Yeah. Two words, let’s go. When I say let’s go, I’m extending much more than just vaminos.

When I say let’s go, I’m saying thank you for the oath you took for the uniform you wear. Thank you to your parents for raising a patriot. Thank you to your spouses and your kids, and your brothers and your sisters, for the service and sacrifice and the support that they provide so that you can serve. When I say let’s go, I’m saying, I know you know your mission, I know you are trained well, and I trust you with my life, with my kid’s future, with the mission. And when I say let’s go and you say it back, I know you’re holding me accountable to the same, and that we’re aligned on the stakes here, and that we’re aligned on the challenges here, and that we completely understand. It’s our time to step up and decide. So I’ll say it once, you say it back, and then I’ll be up here up front. If you guys want to come up and meet me, I’d love to meet you. One, two, three, let’s go.

Audience:

Let’s go.

Gen. Mike Minihan:

Thank you.

Objects Accumulating in Orbit Put Space at Risk of Becoming ‘Unmanageable,’ Vice CSO Says

Sept. 28, 2022 | By Chris Gordon

The U.S. could lose its ability to effectively operate in space without action to lower the number of objects in low Earth orbit, top U.S. generals said Sept. 28.

Vice Chief of Space Operations Gen. David D. Thompson said his biggest concern was not debris from objects currently in orbit but the growth of satellite constellations. Older satellites, however, are not going away, which could lead to a possibly “unmanageable” number of large objects in Earth’s orbit. In addition, the international community has yet to develop a clear framework for handling space debris, deconfliction, and de-orbiting defunct satellites. According to Thompson, without explicit rules, space will be too contested to operate in safely. The U.S. military fears that its space operations, such as the GPS satellites used for everything from targeting to timing, would be disrupted.

“If we continue on the current pace and trend and don’t put effective standards and norms and controls in place as a community of nations, we will get to the point where it becomes difficult to operate and manage,” Thompson said during a Defense One virtual event.

The U.S. currently tracks around 40,000 objects in orbit. Thompson said that number “will at least double in the near future.”

Some of the issues with objects remaining in orbit are practical. A core function of a satellite is to stay in orbit, not leave it, noted Army Gen. James H. Dickinson, the head of United States Space Command.

“From a technical perspective, it’s not as easy as you think,” Dickinson said during an address at Fort Sill, Okla. “It’s not like bending over and picking up a piece of trash. It’s in three-dimensional space. In theory, things are moving at 17,000 miles an hour.”

Dickinson said many commercial companies and some governments are interested in achieving better means of de-orbiting satellites. Still, the larger question was not technical but one of responsibility for the cost.

“The real question is who pays for it,” Dickinson said. “Would that be a DOD task or would that be the Department of Commerce or United Nations?”

The U.N. has a body looki ng at responsible behavior in space. The U.S. is seeking to lead on the issue by pledging it will not conduct kinetic direct-ascent anti-satellite tests and urging governments to create clear norms for space operations.

Dickinson suggested that the international community should treat space the same way it does shared environments inside the Earth’s atmosphere, such as pollution in the air and oceans.

“We’re going to have to address the problem, just like we have in other domains,” Dickinson said.

Thompson said issues such as the proliferation of objects in orbit, the growing threat posed by China as an adversary, and the rapid growth in China’s military space capabilities have largely resolved the Space Force’s need to justify its existence as an independent service to parts of the government.

“They weren’t sure now was the right time,” Thompson said of some critics. “Now the message is both from those who were believers in the beginning and even those who are skeptics—they say, ‘You know, I was a skeptic in the past, but you all are doing the right thing. This is a good move.’ Increasingly, we do not have to convince those folks.”

However, others remain unfamiliar with the Space Force but have had exposure to the other services.

“They don’t understand what the Space Force is,” Thompson said. “But that’s an educational problem that, with time, I think will improve.”

Of course, the challenges that exposed the need for a Space Force are also the ones the service has to confront. The Space Force has begun raising the concept that the domain will become a true theater of war in the future.

“We operate space systems in a relatively benign environment to provide information to the rest of the joint force, to our national leaders,” Thompson said. “Now we’re going to have to change that approach to not only continue to do that, but think about how we would do that under threat, under attack, and perhaps in a conflict.”

Watch, Read: CSO Raymond on ‘The State of the Space Force’

Sept. 28, 2022

Space Force Chief of Space Operations Gen. John W. “Jay” Raymond delivered a keynote address on “The State of the Space Force” at AFA’s Air, Space & Cyber Conference, Sept. 20, 2022. Watch the video or read the transcript below. This transcript is made possible through the sponsorship of JobsOhio.

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Speaker 1:

General Raymond, the floor is yours.

General Raymond:

Okay, don’t start the clock yet I’m going to tell a story. And I don’t want my 40 minutes to wind down for the story, so there I was. I’m a first lieutenant at Grand Forks Air Force Base, North Dakota and Colonel Lance Lord shows up as my wing commander. Big man, scary man. Very first day has an officer’s call and I pedaled my bike over to the club from the big block building that we used to work in. And he gives a speech about professionalism and we were in Sac and you got to be professional, your uniform has to be perfect. 35 10 was the reg that we used to follow and you got to uphold standards.

And I proceeded to pedal back to the building and no kidding, the bike rack was here and the front door was where the front of this stage was. 15 feet to go to the building. And I look off to my right and about 300 yards away in Grand Forks, North Dakota, which is not a great place to be walking outside. I see a young man with this hat off and I said, “I got my marching orders from General Lord, I can’t let this stand.” So I make an intercept and I head off to the North 40 to intercept this young airman and I said, “Young man, you forgot your cover.” And he turns around and half his head is bandaged and he said, “Sir, I just had brain surgery.” And I said, “Yes you did, let me open the door for you.” And so General Lord, thanks for all that great mentoring advice. Appreciate very much and it’s always good to see you and thanks for being here today. Always brings back great memories.

Well good morning. It is great, Absolutely great to see so many Guardians and Airmen that are here today and at this week, which is the biggest professional development event that we have. My hat’s off to AFA for yet another spectacular symposium. I greatly appreciate all you do to bring us all together each and every year. But more importantly, AA has been a loyal wing man for Airmen throughout their entire careers. For me that began 40 years ago when I was an ROTC cadet at Clemson University. Go Tigers, Harvard of the South. I’m the guy with hair.

My college roommate, Jordy are you here where are you? I don’t see him, he’s embarrassed now but he’s here somewhere. But you can see I’m wearing the Arnold Air Society braid and been supported by Air Force Association from the very early day stages of my career. I put that picture up here, one to state thanks to Air AFA, but also it’s great to see so many young ROTC cadets here, and I see many Arnold Air Society braids on your shirts. And the only thing that I would tell you is, “This could be you. If I can do it, you can do it.”

My personal wing man, is my wife Molly. That relationship started a couple years before this, but 35 years ago we got married. This is our wedding picture obviously, and not only is Molly my wing man, but she’s our family’s wing man and over the past several years she has been a dedicated wing man to the Guardians of our new space force. Molly, thank you. I also want to take a moment to recognize another couple that are very important to Molly and I, and that’s DT and Mary Thompson, DT and Mary, thank you. This incredible couple has served selflessly and we have had the privilege of serving by their side for many, many years. They are model Guardians and we couldn’t be more privileged to have them as our partners and friends. DT and Mary, thank you.

I want to begin by saying on behalf of all Guardians active duties, civilian, happy 75th birthday to the United States Air Force. Although this is the Air Force’s birthday, we are part of the Department of the Air Force and we’re all celebrating with you, either as former Airmen or as current guardian to appreciate all the great support the Air Force provides to our new nurse service each and every day. We couldn’t be prouder of our older sibling. As I said last year at AFA in Orlando with the establishment of the Space Force, we have upped our game in both domains as the Air Force can now more fully focus on the air domain and the Space Force can provide dedicated focus on a critical domain of space. And although you’re the senior citizen and we’re just about to graduate from our terrible twos, together we make an incredible team and that is dominant in both the air and space domains.

Having served 35 and a half years as an airman, and nearly three years as a guardian, it is clear that I am in terminal count or in Air force terms, short final of my career. It’s an honor to be able to give one final presentation to this great group. On 20 December, 2019 in a hangar at Andrews Air Force base, the National Defense Authorization Act was signed establishing the United States Space Force effective that evening. Here are a couple of my favorite pictures from that night. This is right after the law was signed, the announcement was made. Look at the look in General Goldfein’s eyes. It is my favorite, favorite picture, and look at Secretary Barrett like a proud leader knowing that we could do this. General Goldfein, I think you’re here. Sir, thank you very much.

That night on the airplane flying back to Peterson, we popped a cork and had a piece of cake to toast our new service. After that toast, the magnitude of the task at hand hit me pretty hard. We had to build an entire new service with largely out of existing resources without missing a beat on current day to day operations, and our national security demanded that we get it right. That demanded that we build this service independently, but to do so in a way that didn’t interrupt the great progress we’ve made in integration with the United States Air Force and our other sister services.

It’s a theme that our Secretary of the Air Force Frank Kendall stresses to us each and every day, “One team, one fight.” And under the AFA strong leadership and with a great, great partner in General CQ Brown, that’s exactly what we built. CQ, it’s been an absolute honor for Molly and I to serve closely with you and Shereen over the past couple years. And we’ve known each other, like we’ve said before, all the way back since Air Command and Staff College, but your leadership is making a big difference, not just for the Air Force but for the entire joint force and it’s a privilege to serve at your side.

We are extremely lucky to have Secretary Kendall as our secretary and undersecretary Jones as our undersecretary. In particular that SEC AAF’s operational imperatives have been a driving force inside the Department of the Air Force. And we have improved the quality of our analytical work and the planning that we’ve done. Sir, thank you for instilling focus and a sense of urgency to get after our pacing challenge. After decades of discussion and debate on that night on 20th December, 2019, the United States took an opportunity. An opportunity to elevate space to a level commensurate with its importance to our nation. An opportunity to enhance global security by amplifying deterrence and increasing the lethality of our joint and coalition forces, critical to integrated deterrence. An opportunity to firmly establish the United States leadership in space, and to shape the norms of behavior in the space domain. An opportunity to enhance global partnerships, uniting the world in common interest and it is great to see so many of our international partners that are here with us today. Many have whom elevated space in their countries as well.

Space is a global domain and we need global partners, we are stronger together. An opportunity to attract a new generation of civilian active duty, and total forced talent and a broader sector of Americans to serve our country, and to connect with. And develop and care for those Americans and their families using modern human capital development tools, applying more art than science. An opportunity to harness the accomplishments of industry, to create a few government commercial relationships to accelerate innovation, expand our industrial base. And to provide critical new advantages on tactically relevant timelines, I can’t overstate the criticality of industry to our success in space.

An opportunity to unite fragmented space entities across the Department of Defense in order to move quickly, make the best use of funding that we get and meet the urgency of the moment. An opportunity with our global innovative perspective, to redefine the character of warfare in our best interest and the interest of our allies and partners. Space flight has always been about opportunity for this country, we are a space faring nation. It is no different in the Department of Defense. The Space Force will ensure our freedoms and opportunities extend into space, and will show that we can meet any challenge anywhere. Seizing these opportunities was not about incremental change, it was about bold thinking, a new approach built for today and for the next 100 years, not for the past.

We faced two early challenges in my opinion. The first challenge is that we wouldn’t think bold enough, the second challenge was that when we did think bold, that bureaucracy might stifle our bold thinking. We were dead set against either of these happening and if we did this right, we wanted all the other services to be looking over our shoulder and say, “Man, I wish I had what they had.” Because we had an opportunity to start with a relatively clean sheet of paper. It hasn’t been easy, in fact its been hard. But space is hard, and that’s what Guardians do best. And I would like the opportunity to walk you through some of what we’ve accomplished, and more importantly introduce you to a few Guardians that have made this happen.

So when you started off, we started looking for the checklist, there wasn’t one. So we came up with a checklist and we said here are the six things we’re going to focus on, you can see them on the slide. We wanted to, if you’re an independent service, thought you needed to develop your own people, you had to have your own doctrine like the Air Force did back in 1947 in the Air Core Tactical School. Had to have our own budget, you had to design your force, both organizationally and force structure wise. Then you have to ready that force and then you have to present those forces to combatant commands.

So with that as our guiding principles, we set off and what I’d like to do is highlight a few of these areas and bring them to life for you. As I mentioned, we saw an opportunity to attract a broader sector of Americans to serve. Because of our small size and because we were starting from scratch, we wanted to fundamentally change our ability to develop our most important resource, our people. Again, applying a little bit more art than science. What we quickly learned was, if you had a service that had one person in it, like the Space Force did for about four months. That was really good, you could always tell that the force was really healthy, never had a DUI, it was really easy. Or a service of a million people.

You had to have the basics. You had to be able to transfer Guardians into the service. You had to be able to recruit new Guardians, you had to be able to assess them, develop them. You had to pay those Guardians, you had to educate those Guardians, you had to give Guardians an ID card, you had to have a uniform. But we also challenged our S-1 team to not just do the basics. We wanted you to think out of the box and do things differently. It was a lot to ask of them, it’s like asking an Olympic sprinter to run a marathon, it’s two different skill sets, do the job today but make a change, and they’ve done spectacular. I also want to recognize before continuing Chief Master Sergeant Toby Towberman, our Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force, who has been so instrumental in shaping and helping lead this transformation of our human capital development, along with many other things. Chief, thanks to you and Rachel for your leadership and for being on this journey with us, thank you.

So our starting point was the guardian ideal. This is our human capital plan for Guardians and their families. The big idea is to take advantage of our small size and to provide a more tailored approach at an individual level. One part of this is identifying competencies for each job down to a very detailed level. It’s no longer good enough to say, “Hey, I need a lieutenant colonel space operator, or a master sergeant space operator.” We wanted to get down to, we wanted a Lieutenant Colonel or Master Sergeant with orbital warfare skills, with these certain technical skills. For example, data management skills and we wanted to have that for every single job so we could be more purposeful in our assignment process.

Guardians can do extraordinary things and the nation will call on them and rely on them to do those extraordinary things. They require unique skills, we should manage our force to reflect that. I would like to introduce to you Air Force Colonel retired now, Mr. Jason Lim. Jason, where are you? Sir, thank you. Jason understood this and has been our principle architect for this guardian ideal and for helping us get to where we need to be, thank you very much for your leadership. The ideal also articulates our core values which are connection, character, courage and commitment. Look today, look again 100 years from now and you’ll see that we are operationalizing these values and all that we do. Let me give you one example of a way that we are living up to operationalizing the core values of connection.

Senior Master Sergeant Tony Chua, Ms. Joey Sanchez, Master Sergeant Phil Lowry, and Master Sergeant Eric Mistro, led a small group within StarCom to think through how we develop guardian identity and basic military training. Early in the planning, they understood the importance of establishing our own traditions as well as the need to emphasize connection as a core value to the space force. They developed a patching ceremony for us to use at basic training, and two days before graduation, every new guardian receives their first Space Force patch. The patch that is given is not new coming out of the package, it is one that has been worn by a current Space Force guardian on their uniform. The patch is accompanied by a handwritten note welcoming them to the Space Force. Since incorporating into basic training, we are now expanding it to all members coming into the Space Force from inner service transfers to our USAFA, ROTC and OTS graduates.

I know we have a team that helped put this together here, if you’ll please stand up and Senior Master Sergeant Chua, if you could come up to the stage with me real quick, thank you. Senior Master Sergeant Chua is MTI down at basic training, been instrumental in standing up our Space Force basic training and what I would like to do is give you my patch… that I’ve been wearing on my uniform and if you won’t mind, I’ll take yours and put it on mine.

SMSGT Chua:

I don’t mind at all, sir.

General Raymond:

Thank you very much. Appreciate Your leadership.

We also had to address recruiting. We only recruit about 500 enlisted Guardians every year and about 300 officers. Our goal was not to take the first 500, or the first 300, but the best. And we’ve done so. We’ve completely changed how we recruit with the help of the Air Force recruiting service. Centralizing selection, enhanced assessments, board selection of every guardian that comes into our service by a group of senior mass sergeants. The good news is that we have more folks knocking on our door than we can take and our talent level is soaring. We’ve developed a university partnership program with 14 different schools that are included, focusing on attracting top tier talent and research. For officer accessions, if you sign a contract with us, we’ll commit to you and we’ll pay for your education.

Our diversity rates are increasing across the board, still not reflective of the nation that we serve, but we’re trending in the right direction. Our digital fluency is rising, which is so important to fueling innovation and tackling the tough space domain big data challenges. We have incredible young talent from road scholars, cadet wing commanders, Ivy League grads, national champions. I’d like to introduce you to a young specialist that I met back in Nashville. Specialist Autumn Lovell. Autumn, please stand. Thank you. I met Autumn in Nashville and had an opportunity to swear her into the Space Force before going to basic training, she wanted to be an intel specialist.

She already had her bachelor’s degree. She’d just graduated from tech school as a distinguished graduate and in the end of the course she was top performer in the end of course Operation Lone Star exercise. Specialist Lovell, I met at Peterson a couple weeks ago and she told me her goal is to be an officer, and specifically she wants to be a CSO. Autumn, thanks for taking a chance on us and for joining the Space Force and I can’t wait 30 years from now, watching your hearing as you testify to become a CSO, you’re that talented, thank you.

We’re also looking at less traditional ways to assess talent. This summer we accepted six cyber professionals to commission directly into the Space Force from industry. We’re bringing them in anywhere from a first lieutenant to a lieutenant colonel based on the credit we’ve given them for the experience that they’ve had with the industry. Our first person, our first officer that has come in directly from industry is First Lieutenant Jessica Thompson at Direct Commission. She can’t be with us here today because she’s at OTS, and she’ll graduate and join our forces as a cyber professional inside of the United States Space Force, we’re very proud of her.

The last critical piece that we’ve used to build this service is transferring volunteers from other sister services into the Space Force. Nobody has ever done this before on the scale that we’re doing, we had thousands and thousands of volunteers and we selected 895 Sailor, Soldiers and Marines along with the Airmen that have transferred into the Space Force. All of these are volunteers, you can’t order anybody to move from one service to another. It was pretty easy for space operators to volunteer because that’s where your job was going for the intelligence professionals, acquisition professionals, engineers and cyber professionals. They could have stayed in the Air force or they could have shifted. That was a harder decision I’m sure, but probably the most difficult group of folks that had to decide were those that were coming in from other services because they were volunteering to leave a service, some that had been Colonels, or Navy Captains, or Command Sergeant Majors that have volunteered to come in.

One of the cool things that I’ve got to witness over the course of this past year are what we call transfer ceremonies. Where folks come in and we’ve done it everywhere from Thule, Greenland to an island in the Pacific, to the International Space Station. It’s a really, really powerful ceremony and I’d like you to witness that today. So I’d like to invite Specialist Caleb Jones, Sergeant Eric Runyon, Sergeant Kale Jennings, Staff Sergeant Eric Raffin and Staff Sergeant Ross McClellen to come up on the stage.

So these five soldiers have volunteered to transfer from the army to the United States Space Force and if you wouldn’t mind, if you’re able to stand and we’re going to do an oath and transfer them from one service to another service. Thank you very much. Thanks for your service and we’re very proud to have you on our team. If you’ll raise your right hand and repeat after me.

I, state your name.

Group:

I [inaudible 00:22:36].

General Raymond:

Do solemnly swear.

Group:

Do solemnly swear.

General Raymond:

That I’ll support and defend the constitution of the United States

Group:

That I will support and defend the constitution of the United States.

General Raymond:

Against all enemies, foreign and domestic.

Group:

Against all enemies, foreign and domestic.

General Raymond:

That I bear true faith in allegiance to the same.

Group:

That I bear true faith and allegiance to the same.

General Raymond:

That I’ll obey the orders of the President of the United States.

Group:

That I’ll obey the orders of the President of the United States.

General Raymond:

And the orders of the officers appointed over me.

Group:

And the orders of the officers appointed over me.

General Raymond:

According to regulations.

Group:

According to regulations.

General Raymond:

And the uniform Code of military justice.

Group:

And uniform code of military justice.

General Raymond:

So help me God.

Group:

So help me God.

General Raymond:

Congratulations Guardians.

Speaker 5:

Thank you, sir. Thank you.

General Raymond:

Thanks for coming out today. Thank you. Proud of you. Thank you very much. Welcome to the team.

Speaker 6:

Thank you, sir.

General Raymond:

Thank you. Thank you very much.

Speaker 7:

Thank you, sir.

General Raymond:

So that’s what we’ve been doing to recruit, develop, and retain the best people, but it’s not sufficient. We must give them the capabilities designed for today’s contested domain while at the same time uniting the fragmented space entities across the department. As the missile threat continues to evolve and as our threats to our space assets continue to emerge, we must transform our space architectures to be more capable and more resilient, in line with Secretary Kendall’s first operational imperative. I’d like to spend a minute highlighting the force design work that we are doing, both organizationally and force structure wise. One of those key areas I highlighted earlier, that an independent service must do.

Organizationally we flatten the structure eliminating two layers of command and establishing mission focused deltas. Let me use missile warning as a case study. Pre Space force responsibility for ground based missile warning was part of the 21st Space Wing at Peterson. Responsibility for space based warning was responsibility for the 460th at Buckley. There are six different PEOs developing different portions of the architecture. Today we’ve united ground and space base into one missile warning delta under 106 Commander, and we’ve consolidated the PEO structure under one PEO at Space Systems Command.

In addition to this consolidation, we’ve also aligned detachments of cyber professionals from Delta six, and intelligence professionals from Delta seven with Delta four at Buckley. This alignment has enabled us to better understand key cyber training of the missile warning network and to be more threat focused, with dedicated intelligence professionals focused on this and other critical missionaries. At the headquarters level, the Department of Defense has also taken two big steps forward. First, the Joint Requirements Oversight Council, JROC, issued a memorandum delegating responsibility for joint space requirements to the Space Force. And the Secretary Defense in a memo just a few weeks ago, delegated responsibility for the force design work to the United States Space Force, as required by law.

We established an organization called the Space War Fighting Analysis Center to do this work. This organization is led by Mr. Andrew Cox, and it’s comprised of our smartest PhDs on our best and brightest operators. The work they do is directly linked to Secretary Kendall’s operational imperative number one, delivering a resilient space order of battle. However, what we learn, that space is integrated into all of Secretary Kendall’s imperatives and that the SWAFC has really served as our analytical backbone for this whole effort. They first track tackled the missile warning, missile tracking force design to deliver more effective capabilities in response to the changing missile threat, and to diversify the architecture in space in face of a growing threat to those space capabilities. This is the most consequential work the Space Force has delivered and I am extremely proud of the SWAFC team. They have brought together the entire department and have delivered a design agreed to by all of our key mission partners.

All of this work is being done digitally in a collaborative manner with industry. Rather than delivering a stack of requirements telling industry what we want them to build, we are engaging early in conversations with industry to seek their inputs on how they would tackle that challenge. Finally, as General Brown highlighted in his speech, we are also wanting to be integrated by design, and so we’re sharing our force design work with our closest allies and our partners. Once the force is designed, we must acquire the capabilities. We have a great leader in place as the first Assistant Secretary for Space Acquisition and Integration, Mr. Frank Cavalli. Frank, thanks for being our partner, and thanks for being on our team. Frank, under his leadership, the Space Acquisition community is working together to acquire the next generation of space capabilities.

Let me note that the Space Development Agency will also formally transfer into the Space Force in just a couple of weeks, but thanks to the excellent collaboration over the past year, this transfer will be seamless. And as we seek to deliver this new force design, we need industry to come along with us. We cannot continue to do business the way that we’ve done in the past. A different force design requires different cost structures, different risk calculus, and different time horizons. Industry needs to deliver at a reduced cost on shorter timelines and the government needs to redefine its mission assurance to make this happen. Under Lieutenant General Mike Guetlein’s leadership, Space Systems command has responded aggressively by engaging industry at all levels, from the smallest of smalls, to our largest primes, through innovative forms like reverse industry days that seek to leverage industry’s innovation.

Mike’s mantra of, “Exploit what we have, buy what we can and build what we must.” Is helping space systems command prioritize to get after our toughest challenges. This brings me to the last responsibility of that independent service that I’d like to highlight and expand on, and that’s readying and generating the force to present to combatant commanders. We’re leading a fundamental rethink of what readiness means to a force that is primarily employed in place rather than waiting to deploy overseas, we are addressing each aspect of readiness. Do we have the right quantity, and the right mix of people? Do we have the right systems, including ground and space, hardware and software? Do we have the right basic, advanced and continuous training requirements? This means a different way of approaching training and sustainment, as well as new ways of reporting data up to higher headquarters at the Pentagon.

We are also expanding our exercise program beyond Space Flag to increase readiness of our squadrons. This week, Guardians are participating in Black Skies, an electronic warfare exercise that trains the force in a realistic threat scenario. Black Skies is the first of a series of exercises, StarCom will develop to build the readiness of operating in this new war fighting domain. The lessons we learned from these efforts won’t just benefit the Space Force by the way. Any employed in place mission will also benefit the entire department and will give us a more holistic view of the Joint Forces’ readiness. All of this will help us effectively present integrated combat capability into space operations, intelligence and cyber all nested together, largely under the leadership of Lieutenant General Stephen Whiting, at Space Operations Command.

Let me just use two quick scenarios to bring, why all this work is important. Let’s talk about launch. The United States has been the world leader in space launch since the beginning of the space age. As we operate ranges at both Cape Canaveral Air Force Space Force Station, and Vandenberg Space Force Base, to safely conduct commercial, civil, and national security launches from both coasts. Launch is a team sport, and the Space Force, along with our industry, civil, and inter agency partners have had an incredible string of success. But the manifest is changing and is changing rapidly. As a young colonel, I served as the Operations Group Commander at Vandenberg, this was in 2005. That year the United States launched 25 rockets from Vandenberg and Cape Canaveral together. Worldwide, there were just 67 launches that occurred. This year alone at Cape Canaveral, we are on track to conduct over 60 launches, and at Vandenberg is on track to conduct 18 launches. And in the next few years projections show that those numbers will soar to approximately 300 launches a year. Just think of that, just shy of one launch per day.

On four August, 2022, just last month, the Eastern range supported both the space based infrared GEO-6 satellite mission launch in the morning. And 13 hours later, they supported SpaceX’s launch of a South Korean lunar mission. That’s two launches, 13 hours. A feat that’s not been accomplished since 1955. In addition to the two launches from Florida, there were also two more US launches that same day, A launch of commercial astronauts from Texas and an [inaudible 00:31:59] launch from New Zealand.

This incredible feat was done on the backs of our Guardians. Guardians like Major Katie Carroll from the Fifth Space Launch Squadron. Katie, please stand. Major Carroll leads an effort for hybrid commercial cloud architecture supporting the Eastern and Western range. This effort will rapidly improve the information technology tools that our Guardians will need to maintain our world leading launch capabilities, we thank you. To meet the huge launch forecast on the horizon, our launch ranges are also in the midst of a significant transformation that we call Range of the Future. Pivoting to a flat digital autonomous range that will help reduce costs and increase the throughput, and serving as the foundation of our competition with China and Russia.

The last missionary I’d like to highlight is our missile warning mission. Just like launch, the critical missile warning mission is yet another mission area that has gone through incredible growth. The Guardians who operate are space based and ground based missile warning sensors provide that unblinking eye that warns and protects our nation and our allies from attack. You all know that on eighth January, 2020, less than 20 days after the establishment of the Space Force, our Guardians at Buckley’s Space Force Base, and four deployed in CENTCOM AOR detected and warned of a missile attack on Al Asad. Their timely actions ultimately contributed to saving lives of American forces deployed in theater. That SBIRS GEO-6 satellite that I just mentioned on launch, will complete the Constellation and will soon be supporting operators like Lieutenant Ashley Galloway. Ashley, please stand. Ashley works in the 11th space Warning Squadron.

Lieutenant Galloway is part of a team at Buckley Space Force Base that detected and reported on 4,150 missile launches globally since the first of the year. Just to give you context, throughout all of 2021, the system tracked 1,168, almost a fourfold increase. This is hard round the clock work, but I know the Space Force will be ready because of efforts and people like those of Lieutenant Galloway who found innovative ways to push our systems beyond the limit. As you can see, the Space Force team has accomplished a lot in just three short years, and I’ve just highlighted a few of them, and I couldn’t be more proud of the team that made it all happen. But I’d also like to highlight two significant initiatives that we’re working on, that when delivered will have a broader transformation of the Joint Force.

First, our Human Health assessment Program. We have to change the way we prioritize holistic health of our Guardians and their families. I know you all have heard a little bit about our thoughts on a new holistic health assessment program, and we’re still working through finalizing the details. But I think there is an imperative to experiment with new and modern approaches to holistic health and fitness. We envision that this will include access to localized professional services and rethinking how we see ourselves in our fitness beyond just run time, sit-ups and pushups. We are preparing Guardians for a different future, and we need to take care of the whole guardian accordingly. Again, this isn’t easy and takes significant planning to achieve, but our Guardians and their families deserve to be taken care of the best way we know how.

And on Total Force integration, over the past two years we have been working to redefine how we integrate with the Total Force. The guard and reserve are absolutely critical to our mission success. We’ve come up with a very innovative solution to combine both active duty and reserve forces into a single component. This is going to be hard work and it’s going to take the full support of the Total Force and the Department of Defense and the executive and legislative branches. In my opinion, this construct will do for the total force what Goldwater-Nichols did for the Joint Force. It will enable portability between full-time and part-time, allowing Guardians to work for commercial industry, work at NASA, work for the Intelligence community, and then come back full-time to the Space Force. It’ll enable us to attract and retain a higher level of talent and to continue to increase our diversity.

I don’t underestimate how much work this is going to entail. Our team of active duty and reserve professionals worked for almost two years on this proposal and we know Congress needs some time to work through all the details too, but we can’t shy away from what’s hard because hard is what the Space Force does and this will be a game changer. The United States is a space faring nation, and we will only be more so in the decades ahead. Today as a space faring nation, we depend on space to fuel our American way of life and our American way of war. We are also living in the most complex strategic time and at least three generations, a hinge of history and space is at the center of this moment, the work of Guardians will shape the future. Eventually I predict, even more than airplanes and submarines have in the past maybe. Our primary purpose is to deter great power war, we must do that by showing that we could win one.

In peace time we must be visibly present in orbit showing that the rules based order that we have upheld since World War II, applies everywhere, including space. As a new service, Guardians must serve in both protector and pathfinder roles. As protectors, Guardians safeguard America and our allies from above. As Pathfinders, Guardians will have roles that follow in the legacy of our greatest technological achievements, and the work of Guardians will signal our goals and expand our future opportunities. The United States Space Force has just begun and it has a great history ahead. We will draw new generations of Americans from all backgrounds and all walks of life into service to the nation.

We will always be above ensuring the security of the United States and our allies. And to the Guardians that are here today. You have a lot to do. Push the frontier, bring your ideas and your excellence and live up to your values. The country needs you and there is much ahead. And I couldn’t be more excited for the future of the Space Force. I congratulate General Chance Saltzman on his nomination and if confirmed, I know he will lead this great group of Guardians to even greater heights in the future.

Finally, one last thing as I get off the stage. How many people have been at events and have heard and now it’s time to play the Interim Space Force song? Well, we’re going to take interim out of that sentence and today we’re going to unveil for the first time ever our new Space Force song. To me, it captures the mission of the Space Force, it’s easily singable, even by people that cannot sing and trust me, you won’t hear me sing. It blends in well with the other service songs in the service medley, and it tells our story. I couldn’t be more proud of how this song came out and I’m really excited to share it with you today, please roll the tape.

First of all, we wanted a song that spoke to our Guardians, that brought to life our motto, “Sempra Super, Always Above.” And I got a text from a gentleman named Jamie Teachenor. Jamie was a Nashville singer songwriter who decided he wanted to give back to his country and joined the Air Force and joined the Air Force Band in Colorado Springs. And he supported us when we were Air Force Space command, and he wrote this song.

Jamie Teachenor:

I put together things from reading white papers and speaking with General Raymond and Chief Towberman. And so it was quite a long work in progress for a while because I wanted to make sure that everything that was in this song would adequately represent all the capabilities that our Space Force is involved with, and make sure I didn’t mess up on the mission or the vision of what the Space Force does.

General Raymond:

When that song came in, it also needed to be arranged. It needed to have the big musical score like all the other service songs have. And so we reached out to composers that they had worked with and there was a gentleman named Sean Nelson who is a member of the Coast Guard Band up in Connecticut and he worked just a masterful arrangement to this song and then it all comes together into something that I hope my Guardians around the world would be proud of.

Sean Nelson:

I went for it and I did what I thought was going to be the most exciting sounds, and it seemed to have worked.

General Raymond:

When I heard that, it was the glue that brought all the three pieces, words, music, and arrangement together. And I thought, “we’ve got something that we can be proud of.”

Speaker 12:

Please stand for the Space Force song.

General Raymond:

Jamie, thank you very much.

Jamie Teachenor:

Welcome.

General Raymond:

Thank you for bringing that to life for us. Well done, thank you. Thank you. Y’all have been really busy. Thanks. Thank you very much. Thanks. Thank you. Thanks. Thanks so much. Thanks. Thanks for all the hard work. Appreciate it. Thank you very much. Thanks. Thanks. Good to see you. Thanks so much. Thank you. Thank you very much, Sean, thanks. Its an incredible song, we’re proud of it. Thanks for that. Thanks for [inaudible 00:42:18]. All right. Please.

I think you just leave off that way.

Jamie Teachenor:

[inaudible 00:42:18].

General Raymond:

I’ll meet you right outdoors.

Jamie Teachenor:

Thank you.

General Raymond:

Thank you.

Gerald Murray:

General Raymond. Sir, on behalf of AFA, I present you the 75th Anniversary Coin. Sir, yesterday the secretary noted that from this time forward, you’ll always be noted as the Founding Father of the United States Space Force. And sir, we are proud absolutely to have you, and be able to support you in every endeavor that we can. Thank you.

General Raymond:

Thank you very much.

Gerald Murray:

Yes, sir.

General Raymond:

Thank y’all.

Gerald Murray:

Thank you.

MacDill Evacuated, Hurlburt and Eglin Move Aircraft as Hurricane Ian Makes Landfall

Sept. 28, 2022 | By Greg Hadley

MacDill Air Force Base had been evacuated, the gates locked, as Hurricane Ian made landfall in Florida today, Sept. 28.

Other Air Force bases in Florida remained open but on a heightened state of alert, with aircraft evacuated from several installations out of caution.

MacDill, which lies directly next to Tampa Bay, could face flooding and damage as a result of storm surge, heavy rains, and intense winds. Officials announced a mandatory evacuation of the base by noon Sept. 27 and flew the base’s fleet of KC-135 tankers to bases in Washington state and Maine.

In a video posted to Facebook on shortly after 4 p.m. Sept. 28, Col. Adam D. Bingham, commander of the 6th Air Refueling Wing, offered an update from Raymond James Stadium, home of the NFL’s Tampa Bay Buccaneers, where the 6th ARW has established a continuity of operations site.

“As the rains pick up and the winds intensify, we’re likely to see the worst of the storm in the coming hours,” Bingham said. “Continue to be safe with your family and your loved ones until you here directly from us and your supervisor about when it might be safe to return to your homes.”

The trajectory of Hurricane Ian, which nearly reached Category 5 status the morning of Sept. 28, had shifted so that the Tampa region was no longer expected to be hit directly. But Tampa mayor Jane Castor warned that the city could see “unprecedented flooding.”

MacDill was at Hurricane Condition Level 1 as of the afternoon of Sept. 28, meaning destructive winds in excess of 58 miles per hour were expected in the next 12 hours. Personnel were instructed to shelter in place, as it was too late to evacuate.

Elsewhere across Florida, Tyndall Air Force Base is at HURCON 4, meaning destructive winds could arrive within 72 hours, while Eglin Air Force Base is at HURCON 5, meaning such winds are possible within 72 hours. At 5 p.m. Eastern time, Hurlburt Field exited HURCON 5, with strong winds no longer in the forecast.

Meanwhile, Patrick Space Force Base and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station were at HURCON 1 and had closed all non-essential base facilities, Space Launch Delta 45 announced.

On social media, the 33rd Fighter Wing at Eglin announced that it had evacuated 25 F-35 fighters to Barksdale Air Force Base, La. An Air Force spokesperson previously told Air & Space Forces Magazine that the base would also move F-22s and T-38s to separate locations.

Meanwhile, personnel from the 1st Special Operations Wing at Hurlburt Field, Fla., had evacuated all their operational aircraft “out of an abundance of caution,” Col. Allison Black, 1st SOW commander, said in a Facebook post.

Hurlburt hosts a wide variety of Air Force Special Operations aircraft, including CV-22s, AC-130J gunships, MQ-9 drones, U-28As, and MC-130Hs.

In a briefing Sept. 27, Pentagon Press Secretary Air Force Brig. Gen. Patrick S. Ryder said the Florida National Guard had called 3,200 troops onto Active state duty, with another 1,800 on standby.

Neighboring states were prepared to activate 2,000 more troops, Ryder said, and Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala., Moody Air Force Base, Ga., and Warner-Robins Air Force Base, Ga., had all been identified as incident support bases and federal staging areas if needed.